数据存储

volume类型

• 简单存储：EmptyDir、HostPath、NFS
• 高级存储：PV、PVC
• 配置存储：ConfigMap、Secret

EmptyDir

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
    name: volume-emptydir
    namespace: dev
spec:
    containers:
        - name: nginx
          image: nginx:latest
          ports:
              - containerPort: 80
          volumeMounts:
              - name: html
                mountPath: /var/log/nginx
        - name: busybox
          image: busybox:latest
          command: ['/bin/sh', '-c', 'tail -f /var/log/nginx/access.log']
          volumeMounts:
              - name: html
                mountPath: /var/log/nginx
    volumes:
        - name: logs-volume
          emptyDir: {}

操作

# 通过podIP访问nginx
curl 20.224.2.100

# 查看
kubectl logs -f volume-emptydir -n dev -c busybox

HostPath

持久化存储

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
    name: volume-emptydir
    namespace: dev
spec:
    containers:
        - name: nginx
          image: nginx:latest
          ports:
              - containerPort: 80
          volumeMounts:
              - name: html
                mountPath: /var/log/nginx
        - name: busybox
          image: busybox:latest
          command: ['/bin/sh', '-c', 'tail -f /var/log/nginx/access.log']
          volumeMounts:
              - name: html
                mountPath: /var/log/nginx
    volumes:
        - name: logs-volume
          hostPath:
              path: /root/logs
          type: DirectoryOrCreate

NFS

# 在master上安装nfs服务, 从节点上只需要安装，不需要启动，这样是为了驱动nfs设备
yum install -y nfs-utils

# 创建共享目录
mkdir -pv /root/data/nfs 

# 将共享目录以读写权限暴露给192.168.109.0/24网段中的所有主机
vim /etc/exports # /root/data/nfs 192.168.109.0/24(rw,no_root_squash)

# start
systemctl start nfs

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
    name: volume-emptydir
    namespace: dev
spec:
    containers:
        - name: nginx
          image: nginx:latest
          ports:
              - containerPort: 80
          volumeMounts:
              - name: html
                mountPath: /var/log/nginx
        - name: busybox
          image: busybox:latest
          command: ['/bin/sh', '-c', 'tail -f /var/log/nginx/access.log']
          volumeMounts:
              - name: html
                mountPath: /var/log/nginx
    volumes:
        - name: logs-volume
          nfs:
              server: 192.168.109.100
              path: /root/data/nfs

PV

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
    name: mypv
spec:
    nfs:
        path: /tmp
        server: 172.17.0.2
    capacity:
        storage: 2Gi
    accessModes:
        - ReadWriteMany
    storageClassName: nfs
    persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain

# create dir
mkdir -pv /root/data/{pv1, pv2, pv3}

# 暴露服务
more /etc/exports
/root/data/pv1 192.168.109.0/24(rw,no_root_squash)
/root/data/pv2 192.168.109.0/24(rw,no_root_squash)
/root/data/pv3 192.168.109.0/24(rw,no_root_squash)

# start
systemctl start nfs

配置文件

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
    name: mypv1
spec:
    capacity:
        storage: 1Gi
    accessModes:
        - ReadWriteMany
    storageClassName: nfs
    persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain
    nfs:
        path: /root/data/pv1
        server: 192.168.109.100
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
    name: mypv2
spec:
    capacity:
        storage: 2Gi
    accessModes:
        - ReadWriteMany
    storageClassName: nfs
    persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain
    nfs:
        path: /root/data/pv2
        server: 192.168.109.100

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
    name: mypv3
spec:
    capacity:
        storage: 3Gi
    accessModes:
        - ReadWriteMany
    storageClassName: nfs
    persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain
    nfs:
        path: /root/data/pv3
        server: 192.168.109.100

pvc

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
    name: mypvc1
    namespace: dev
spec:
    accessModes:
        - ReadWriteMany
    resources:
        requests:
            storage: 1Gi

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
    name: mypvc2
    namespace: dev
spec:
    accessModes:
        - ReadWriteMany
    resources:
        requests:
            storage: 2Gi

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
    name: mypvc3
    namespace: dev
spec:
    accessModes:
        - ReadWriteMany
    resources:
        requests:
            storage: 5Gi

操作

kubectl create -f pvc.yaml

kubectl get pvc -n dev

kubectl get pv

pods.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
    name: my-pod
    namespace: dev
spec:
    containers:
        - name: my-container
          image: busybox:latest
          command: ['sh', '-c', 'echo Hello, Kubernetes! && sleep 3600']
          volumeMounts:
              - name: volume
                mountPath: /root/
    volumes:
        - name: volume
          persistentVolumeClaim:
              claimName: mypvc1
              readOnly: false